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CM/ECF Exhibit Filing Guide

Federal Courts Courts
Last reviewed

CM/ECF (Case Management/Electronic Case Files) is the federal court e-filing system used in all U.S. district courts, bankruptcy courts, and appellate courts. File size limits vary by district (typically 35-50 MB), and all documents must be text-searchable PDFs.

Key facts at a glance
  • CM/ECF is the electronic filing system for Federal Courts.
  • The CM/ECF file size limit is 35-50 MB.
  • The primary accepted file format on CM/ECF is PDF only (text-searchable required).
  • The official CM/ECF portal is at https://pacer.uscourts.gov/.
  • ExhibitPrep applies exhibit stamps entirely in the browser, so case files never leave the user’s computer.
  • ExhibitPrep includes 26 court-ready stamp templates covering plaintiff, defendant, deposition, and joint exhibit designations.
  • ExhibitPrep’s Trial Binder Mode builds exhibit books with alphabetic labels (A, B, C), per-exhibit page numbering (A1–A5), and an auto-generated table of contents.
47 states with state-specific templates
File Size Limit
35-50 MB
Formats
PDF only (text-searchable required)
Court Ready
Instant
System
CM/ECF

CM/ECF Requirements

Text-Searchable PDFs

All exhibits must be text-searchable (OCR). Scanned documents must be processed with OCR before upload. Courts may reject image-only PDFs.

FRCP 5.2 Redactions

Personal identifiers must be redacted: Social Security numbers (last 4 only), birth dates (year only), financial accounts (last 4 only), and minor names (initials only).

File Size Limits

Varies by district. Central District of California: 50 MB. Northern District of Illinois: 35 MB. Check your district local rules for specific limits.

Exhibit Naming

Use descriptive filenames like "Exhibit-1-Contract.pdf" or "PX-001-Email.pdf". Avoid generic names like "Doc1.pdf" or special characters.

Accepted File Formats

  • PDF only (text-searchable required)
  • No password-protected files
  • No embedded audio/video
  • Bookmarks recommended for large exhibits

Common CM/ECF Filing Issues

File Size Exceeded

Split large exhibits into multiple files or compress images. Some districts allow attorneys to email oversized files to the clerk. Check local rules for procedures.

Image-Only PDF Rejected

Run OCR (Optical Character Recognition) on all scanned documents. ExhibitPrep exports text-searchable PDFs automatically.

Password-Protected File Error

Remove all password protection and security restrictions before uploading to CM/ECF. Courts cannot accept encrypted files.

Redaction Not Permanent

Use proper PDF redaction tools, not black boxes drawn over text. Ensure redacted information is permanently removed from the PDF.

🆕 New: Trial Binder Mode for Multi-Exhibit Filings

Filing multiple exhibits with CM/ECF? Use Trial Binder Mode to create court-ready exhibit books with alphabetic labels (A, B, C), per-exhibit page numbering (A1-A5), and auto-generated table of contents. Great for complex filings with numerous exhibits.

Learn about Trial Binder Mode

Why Use ExhibitPrep for CM/ECF?

ExhibitPrep ensures your exhibits meet all CM/ECF requirements before you upload.

FRCP Compliant Formatting

ExhibitPrep stamps meet Federal Rules requirements for exhibit marking, including FRCP 26(a)(3) pretrial disclosure standards.

Text-Searchable Output

All stamped PDFs exported from ExhibitPrep are text-searchable and ready for CM/ECF upload.

Batch Processing

Stamp 50+ exhibits at once, maintaining CM/ECF file size requirements for each document.

Redaction-Safe

Add exhibit stamps without affecting existing redactions. ExhibitPrep preserves all document security.

How to Prepare Exhibits for CM/ECF

1

Upload exhibits to ExhibitPrep

Drag and drop your PDF documents. ExhibitPrep automatically validates file compatibility.

2

Select federal court template

Choose plaintiff (numbers) or defendant (letters) marking convention per FRCP standards.

3

Position and preview stamps

Use drag-and-drop positioning to place stamps. Preview ensures compliance before export.

4

Download stamped exhibits

Export text-searchable PDFs ready for CM/ECF upload. Files maintain original OCR and metadata.

5

Upload to CM/ECF via PACER

Log in to PACER, select your case, and upload the stamped exhibits through CM/ECF.

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CM/ECF Guides by Practice Area

Practice-specific filing requirements and exhibit tips for CM/ECF.

Frequently Asked Questions about CM/ECF

What is the CM/ECF file size limit?

CM/ECF file size limits vary by district. Most districts allow 35-50 MB per document. Central District of California allows 50 MB, while Northern District of Illinois limits to 35 MB. Check your district local rules for specific limits. For oversized exhibits, many districts provide procedures to email large files directly to the clerk.

Does CM/ECF require text-searchable PDFs?

Yes. All federal courts require text-searchable PDFs for CM/ECF filing. Image-only PDFs (scanned without OCR) may be rejected. ExhibitPrep exports text-searchable PDFs automatically, preserving any existing OCR from your original documents.

What are FRCP 5.2 redaction requirements?

FRCP 5.2 requires redaction of personal identifiers in federal court filings. You must redact Social Security numbers (show last 4 only), birth dates (year only), financial account numbers (last 4 only), and names of minors (initials only). Redactions must be permanent, not just black boxes over text.

Can I file exhibits over 50 MB in federal court?

Yes, but you need special procedures. Most districts allow oversized exhibits to be emailed to the clerk or delivered on physical media (USB drive). Check your district local rules for the oversized document procedure. Some courts also allow splitting large exhibits into multiple files.

What exhibit marking format does CM/ECF require?

CM/ECF follows FRCP 26(a)(3) standards. Plaintiffs typically use numbers (1, 2, 3), and defendants use letters (A, B, C). Some districts have specific local rules for exhibit formatting. Check your district local rules and any case management order for specific requirements.

Official CM/ECF Portal

Access the official CM/ECF system to file your stamped exhibits.

Visit CM/ECF