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Michigan Court Guide
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Michigan Court Exhibit Requirements

A comprehensive guide to preparing exhibits for Michigan courts under MCR 2.401, including e-filing specifications via MiFile and formatting best practices.

Michigan exhibit facts at a glance
  • Michigan's primary exhibit rule is MCR 2.401.
  • Plaintiffs label exhibits with P-1, P-2, P-3....
  • Defendants label exhibits with D-1, D-2, D-3....
  • The MiFile portal caps each document at 25 MB.
  • Exhibit exchange deadline is 28 days before trial.
  • Standard label position is the bottom-right corner of the first page; multi-page exhibits keep one number with per-page pagination ("Exhibit 1, p. 2 of 5").
  • Bates numbering (page-level production identifiers) is independent of exhibit numbering and runs across the entire production.
MCR 2.401MiFile25 MB Max28 days before trial
Prepare Michigan Exhibits

Quick Reference

Updated 2026-01-31
Primary Rule
MCR 2.401
E-Filing
MiFile
Size Limit

25 MB

Plaintiff

P-1, P-2, P-3...

Defendant

D-1, D-2, D-3...

Deadline

28 days before trial

Applicable Rules & Citations

Primary Rule

MCR 2.401

Pretrial procedures requiring exhibit lists. Parties must identify documents or exhibits expected to be offered at trial.

Formatting Requirements

MCR 2.401(H)

Final pretrial order includes stipulations regarding documents and exhibits. Exhibits must be pre-marked.

E-Filing System

MiFile

Statewide electronic filing system. PDF format, 25 MB limit. Mandatory for attorneys in most courts.

Key Deadlines

MCR 2.401(D)

Pretrial conference materials due per scheduling order, typically 28 days before trial.

Overview

Michigan courts operate under MCR 2.401 for exhibit requirements. Electronic filing is handled through MiFile with a maximum file size of 25 MB. Exhibits must be exchanged 28 days before trial.

Key principle: Always verify your specific court's local rules, as individual counties may have additional requirements beyond the statewide rules.

Michigan Exhibit Conventions

  • MiFile statewide e-filing system
  • Case evaluation process for settlement
  • Business Courts in major counties
  • Strong summary disposition practice

Michigan Exhibit Marking

Standard Marking Conventions

Plaintiff Exhibits

P-1, P-2, P-3...

Defendant Exhibits

D-1, D-2, D-3...

Check Local Court Rules

Individual courts within Michigan may have specific local rules regarding exhibit marking, numbering sequences, and formatting. Always verify with your specific court before filing.

Court-Specific Requirements

Wayne County (Detroit)

Largest county. Has Business Court division. Electronic filing mandatory through MiFile.

Wayne County Local Rules

Oakland County

Second largest. Business Court for commercial disputes. Strict pretrial scheduling.

Oakland County Local Rules

Macomb County

Third largest. Standard pretrial procedures.

Macomb County Local Rules

Michigan County Guides

MiFile E-Filing Requirements

File Format & Size

Document Specifications

  • PDF format required for all filings
  • 25 MB maximum per file
  • Text-searchable PDFs recommended

Best Practices

  • Include bookmarks for multi-exhibit PDFs
  • No password protection
  • Clear, legible exhibit stamps

Common Rejection Reasons

File Size Exceeds 25 MB Limit

Solution: Split large exhibits into parts. Label clearly (e.g., "Exhibit 5, Part 1 of 3"). ExhibitPrep exports individual files to manage size limits.

Missing or Illegible Exhibit Stamps

Solution: Use consistent, clearly visible exhibit stamps on every page. ExhibitPrep places stamps in the same position on every page automatically.

Incorrect Exhibit Numbering

Solution: Verify plaintiff exhibits use P-1, P-2, P-3... and defendant exhibits use D-1, D-2, D-3.... ExhibitPrep auto-numbers exhibits sequentially.

Late Exhibit Exchange

Solution: Michigan requires exchange 28 days before trial. Plan ahead and prepare exhibits early to avoid last-minute issues.

How ExhibitPrep Helps with Michigan Requirements

Time Savings

Stamp 50 exhibits in 5 minutes vs. 2+ hours applying stickers manually.

Cost Effective

$14.99 Day Pass vs. $100+/hr paralegal time. Stamp unlimited exhibits for one low price.

Court Compliant

Michigan court-ready formatting. Export with bookmarks for organized filings.

ExhibitPrep Configuration for Michigan Courts

Recommended Settings

Stamp Format

Use "Exhibit [number]" for plaintiffs or "Exhibit [letter]" for defendants. Include party designation if required by local rules.

Position

Bottom-right corner is standard. Ensure stamps don't obscure document content. Use drag-and-drop positioning to adjust if needed.

Export Format

Combined PDF with bookmarks for court filings. Keep files under 25 MB. Individual files for discovery productions or large exhibit sets.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the exhibit requirements for Michigan courts?

Michigan courts require exhibits to follow MCR 2.401. Pretrial procedures requiring exhibit lists. Parties must identify documents or exhibits expected to be offered at trial.

What e-filing system does Michigan use?

Michigan uses MiFile for electronic filings. Statewide electronic filing system. PDF format, 25 MB limit. Mandatory for attorneys in most courts.

How should plaintiff and defendant exhibits be marked in Michigan?

In Michigan, plaintiffs typically use P-1, P-2, P-3... while defendants use D-1, D-2, D-3.... Check local court rules for specific requirements.

What are the exhibit exchange deadlines in Michigan?

Michigan requires exhibit exchange 28 days before trial. Pretrial conference materials due per scheduling order, typically 28 days before trial.

Are electronically stamped exhibits accepted in Michigan?

Yes, Michigan courts accept electronic exhibit stamps that are clearly legible and consistently formatted. ExhibitPrep creates court-ready stamps accepted throughout Michigan.

What is the maximum file size for Michigan e-filing?

Michigan's e-filing system (MiFile) accepts files up to 25 MB. For larger exhibits, split into multiple parts with clear labeling.

Prepare Michigan Court Exhibits in Minutes

ExhibitPrep makes it easy to create professional, court-compliant exhibits for Michigan filings. Preview your stamped exhibits before paying.

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Related Court Guides

Exhibit Conventions Explained